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CondylomaAnal

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CondylomaAnal

Anal warts are small warts that can occur inside and around the anus. The condition is also called condyloma acuminata. Anal warts are a form of genital warts.

In most cases, the warts don’t cause discomfort or pain. However, they can become irritating if they grow large enough, and might itch or bleed. If no symptoms occur, people with anal warts may not even know they have them.
Anal warts may occur only in one spot, or may spread to different parts of the genitals and anus over time.


Symptoms

  • Anal warts are found inside and around the area of the anus. They start as small bumps that may be no larger than the head of a pin. Initially, they may be too small to be noticed. They can develop a cauliflower-like appearance as they grow, or when several are clustered together. Warts may be peach-colored, yellow, pink, or light brown, and may blend in with your skin color.
  • Anal warts often occur without pain or discomfort. Other symptoms of anal warts are rare but can include itching, bleeding, or discharge from the anus. A person with anal warts may also feel like they have a lump in their anal area.
  • Warts may occur on other parts of your body at the same time that you have anal warts. Genital warts in women may appear on the vulva, vagina, or cervix. Genital warts in men can develop on the penis, scrotum, thighs, or groin.
  • Warts may also grow on the mouth or throat of someone with HPV. Oral sex with a person who has genital warts, or deep kissing a person with throat warts can also lead to infection.

Causes

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Causes

Genital warts, including anal warts, are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is a sexually transmitted infection (STI). In young people, HPV may go away on its own and might not cause any signs or symptoms. However, the virus can linger in the body and cause genital warts. Some types of HPV cause genital warts and others may lead to cancer, but the type of HPV that causes anal and genital warts does not generally lead to cancer.

HPV in general is spread from one person to another by direct contact with the mouth, anus, penis, or vagina of a person with HPV. Intercourse is not necessary to spread the infection. It can be transmitted by skin-to-skin contact. Transmission of HPV can occur even if warts are not visible.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted Source, genital warts are most commonly spread through anal and vaginal sex. The CDC also states that nearly all men and women who are sexually active get HPV at some point in their lives.


Risk for anal warts

You’re at an increased risk for contracting and spreading anal warts if you:

  • have unprotected sex (are not using barrier protection, such as a condom or dental dam)
  • have multiple sex partners
  • have anal intercourse
  • have had sex or intimate contact with a person with HPV
  • have sex at an early age
  • have an immune system that is compromised by illness or medication
  • However, you can get anal warts even if you only have one sexual partner, and condoms don’t fully protect against them.

How can anal warts be prevented?

HPV testing is not routinely recommended, but an HPV vaccine is available. It can be given to individuals until the age of 45 years. The CDCTrusted Source recommends that individuals get vaccinated for HPV at age 11 or 12 so that they’ll be immune to the virus before being exposed to it through sexual activity.
Other ways to help prevent the transmission of HPV and anal warts include:

  • abstaining from sexual contact
  • using barrier methods such as condoms or dental dams
  • limiting your number of sexual partners
  • However, barrier methods don’t protect completely from HPV, and it’s possible to get HPV with only one sexual partner.
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